{"id":119,"date":"2019-01-29T08:44:35","date_gmt":"2019-01-29T06:44:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/electroneuromiografia-procedura-scop-si-rezulate\/"},"modified":"2024-04-09T08:42:54","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T06:42:54","slug":"electroneuromiografia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/electroneuromiografia\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este electroneuromiografia?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Ce este electroneuromiografia (ENMG)?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Electroneuromiografia (ENMG) este o procedur\u0103 de diagnostic care permite evaluarea sistemului nervos periferic, a mu\u0219chilor \u0219i a transmiterii semnalelor \u00eentre nervi \u0219i mu\u0219chi<\/strong>. Studiile de conducere nervoas\u0103 \u0219i electromiografia (EMG) sunt un complement util la examinarea clinic\u0103 a sistemului nervos periferic \u0219i a mu\u0219chilor scheletici stria\u021bi.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-929 \" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"271\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie.jpg 1438w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie-1024x769.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie-768x577.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie-750x563.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Cabinet-electroneuromiografie-1140x856.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 electroneuromiografia?<\/h2>\n<p>Semnale electrice transmise prin aceste structuri sunt \u00eenregistrate de c\u0103tre aparatele de ENMG cu ajutorul unor electrozi \u0219i traduse \u00een grafice, sunete sau valori numerice care sunt apoi interpretate de c\u0103tre un specialist. Activitatea electric\u0103 captat\u0103 de electrozi este apoi afi\u0219at\u0103 pe un osciloscop (un monitor care afi\u0219eaz\u0103 activitatea electric\u0103 sub form\u0103 de unde). Un amplificator audio permite ca activitatea s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi auzit\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt etapele unei electroneuromiografii?<\/h2>\n<p>ENMG se efectueaz\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 etape:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prima etap\u0103 este reprezentat\u0103 de <strong>studiile de conducere nervoas\u0103<\/strong> sau <strong>electroneurografia (ENG)<\/strong>. Cu ajutorul unor electrozi aplica\u021bi pe piele, sunt \u00eenregistra\u021bi diferi\u021bi parametri ai semnalelor transmise \u00eentre diferite puncte ale nervilor examina\u021bi. <strong>Studiile de conducere nervoas\u0103<\/strong> m\u0103soar\u0103 cantitatea \u0219i viteza de conducere a unui impuls electric printr-un nerv.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cen a doua etap\u0103, <strong>electromiografia<\/strong>, un electrod ac introdus direct \u00eentr-un mu\u0219chi, \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 activitatea electric\u0103. Cele dou\u0103 etape sunt complementare \u0219i de aceea se efectueaz\u0103 de regul\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 \u00een timpul acelea\u0219i \u0219edin\u021be.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-931 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"491\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-300x92.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-1024x314.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-768x236.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-1536x471.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-750x230.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Etapele-ENMG-1140x350.jpeg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ambele proceduri ajut\u0103 la detectarea prezen\u021bei, localiz\u0103rii \u0219i extinderii bolilor care afecteaz\u0103 nervii \u0219i mu\u0219chii.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen practic\u0103, aceste studii de electrodiagnostic sunt extensii ale examenului clinic. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, \u00een prealabil, este necesar\u0103 o examinarea neurologic\u0103 \u021bintit\u0103 pentru a individualiza examenul ENMG.<\/p>\n<p>Preg\u0103tirea pentru ENMG:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Face\u021bi du\u0219 sau o baie \u00eenainte de examen pentru a elimina uleiurile de pe piele.<\/li>\n<li>Nu aplica\u021bi lo\u021biuni sau creme \u00eenainte de examen.<\/li>\n<li>Purta\u021bi \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte confortabil\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Afla\u021bi mai multe despre ENMG de la specialistul nostru, <strong>Medic Primar Maria Balea:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-HleXKdJtcY?si=8L-276EQtIcQMjbt\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Ave\u0163i nevoie de un ENMG? <\/strong>Programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum\u00a0contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia Institutului <strong>RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<strong> <a href=\"tel:+40374462222\">0374 46 2222<\/a><\/strong>, luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 19:00<\/strong>, iar de miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 18:00. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate. Mai mult, pot fi efectuate program\u0103ri online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background-color: #6852ed; color: white; text-decoration: none; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/progamari.html\">Program\u0103ri online aici!<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/telemedicina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e2nd este recomandat s\u0103 face\u021bi o investiga\u021bie ENMG?<\/h2>\n<p>Scopul principal al ENMG este de a localiza leziunile. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, se poate stabili dac\u0103 este vorba de boli ale nervilor, mu\u0219chilor, probleme \u00een transmisia semnalului neuro-muscular sau afec\u021biuni ale sistemului nervos central.<\/p>\n<p>Medicul specialist poate recomanda un ENMG dac\u0103 sunt prezente semne sau simptome care pot indica o tulburare a nervilor sau a mu\u0219chilor.<\/p>\n<p>Aceste simptome pot include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Furnic\u0103turi<\/li>\n<li>Amor\u0163eli<\/li>\n<li>Sl\u0103biciune muscular\u0103<\/li>\n<li>Dureri musculare<\/li>\n<li>Crampe<\/li>\n<li>Diferite tipuri de dureri la nivelul membrelor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ce afec\u021biuni diagnosticheaz\u0103 electroneuromiografia?<\/h2>\n<p>Rezultatele ENMG sunt adesea necesare pentru a ajuta la diagnosticarea sau excluderea unor condi\u021bii:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Afec\u021biuni ale nervilor periferici<\/strong> cum ar fi polineuropatiile periferice sau mononeuropatii (ex. sindromul de tunel carpian);<\/li>\n<li><strong>Afec\u021biuni musculare<\/strong>, cum ar fi polimiozita sau distrofia muscular\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>Boli care afecteaz\u0103 transmisia semnalului dintre nerv \u0219i mu\u0219chi, cum ar fi <strong>miastenia gravis<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>Afec\u021biuni ale r\u0103d\u0103cinilor nervoase cum ar fi un <strong>herniile de disc \u00een coloana vertebral\u0103<\/strong>;<\/li>\n<li>Afec\u021biuni ale neuronilor motori din creier sau m\u0103duva spin\u0103rii, cum ar fi <strong>scleroza lateral\u0103 amiotrofic\u0103 sau poliomielita<\/strong> [1] (Figura de mai jos).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-932 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG.jpeg\" alt=\"Afectiuni diagnosticate de ENMG\" width=\"900\" height=\"409\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-300x136.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-1024x465.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-768x348.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-1536x697.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-750x340.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Afectiuni-diagnosticate-de-ENMG-1140x517.jpeg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Este electroneuromiografia o procedur\u0103 sigur\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p><strong><em>Informa\u021bi medicul despre tratamentele pe care le urma\u021bi. Uneori este necesar\u0103 sistarea unor medicamente \u00eenainte de examinare, ca de exemplu, anticoagulantele orale.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>De asemenea este important s\u0103 spune\u021bi medicului dac\u0103 ave\u021bi o tulburare de coagulare a s\u00e2ngelui care cauzeaz\u0103 s\u00e2nger\u0103ri prelungite sau dac\u0103 ave\u021bi un stimulator cardiac sau orice alt dispozitiv medical electric.<\/p>\n<p><strong>EMG este o procedur\u0103 cu risc sc\u0103zut, iar complica\u021biile sunt rare.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Exist\u0103 un disconfort u\u0219or la locul de aplicare al stimulului electric \u0219i la locul de inser\u021bie al acului. Exist\u0103 un risc mic de s\u00e2ngerare sau infec\u021bie la locul unde este introdus un electrod de ac. Durerea la locul de inser\u021bie al acului poate dura p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1-2 zile.<\/p>\n<h2>Electroneuromiografia: conexiunea \u00eentre sistemul nervos \u0219i cel muscular<\/h2>\n<p>Electroneuromiografia (ENMG) este metod\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru evaluarea \u0219i diagnosticarea st\u0103rii de s\u0103n\u0103tate a sistemului nervos \u0219i a func\u021biei musculare. A\u0219a cum am ar\u0103tat mai sus, ENMG m\u0103soar\u0103 activitatea electric\u0103 a mu\u0219chilor \u0219i nervilor, oferind astfel o imagine a modului \u00een care impulsurile nervoase sunt transmise de la sistemul nervos la mu\u0219chi. Aceasta face leg\u0103tura \u00eentre func\u021bionarea sistemului nervos central (SNC), sistemul nervos periferic (SNP) \u0219i activitatea muscular\u0103, eviden\u021biind cum comunica\u021bia dintre aceste sisteme afecteaz\u0103 capacitatea de mi\u0219care a corpului.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sistemul nervos central (SNC)<\/strong> este alc\u0103tuit din creier \u0219i m\u0103duva spin\u0103rii.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sistemul nervos periferic<\/strong> <strong>(SNP) <\/strong>cuprinde to\u021bi neuronii situa\u021bi \u00een afara sistemului nervos central. Func\u021bia principal\u0103 a acestuia const\u0103 \u00een stabilirea conexiunilor neuronale pentru transmiterea informa\u021biilor \u00eentre sistemul nervos central \u0219i diversele p\u0103r\u021bi ale corpului (inclusiv c\u0103tre organe \u0219i mu\u0219chi).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sistemul nervos periferic<\/strong> este divizat \u00een:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sistemul nervos somatic<\/strong>, care se ocup\u0103 cu transmiterea informa\u021biei senzoriale \u0219i motorii c\u0103tre \u0219i dinspre sistemul nervos central. Acesta este alc\u0103tuit din dou\u0103 componente:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Componenta senzitiv\u0103<\/strong>, care conecteaz\u0103 SNC cu receptori din piele \u0219i este responsabil\u0103 de senza\u021bii.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Componenta motorie<\/strong>, care face leg\u0103tura \u00eentre SNC \u0219i diferite grupe musculare pentru a controla mi\u0219c\u0103rile voluntare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sistemul nervos autonom<\/strong>, care regleaz\u0103 func\u021biile involuntare ale corpului, cum ar fi tensiunea arterial\u0103, pulsul, digestia \u0219i respira\u021bia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Concluzii<\/h2>\n<p>Electromiografia \u0219i studiile de conducere nervoas\u0103 fac parte din consulta\u021bia electrodiagnostic\u0103. De\u0219i nu este lipsit de limit\u0103ri, EMG, ca o extensie a istoricului clinic \u0219i a examin\u0103rii fizice, poate fi un instrument de diagnosticare important.<\/p>\n<p>ENMG joac\u0103 un rol crucial \u00een diagnosticarea \u0219i gestionarea unei game largi de afec\u021biuni neuromusculare, ajut\u00e2nd medicii s\u0103 ofere \u00eengrijiri specifice \u0219i eficiente pacien\u021bilor lor.<\/p>\n<h2>Referin\u021be<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Professional, C. C. medical. (n.d.). <a href=\"https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/diagnostics\/4825-emg-electromyography\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Electromyography (EMG)<\/em><\/a>. Cleveland Clinic.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce este electroneuromiografia (ENMG)? Electroneuromiografia (ENMG) este o procedur\u0103 de diagnostic care permite evaluarea sistemului nervos periferic, a mu\u0219chilor \u0219i a transmiterii semnalelor \u00eentre nervi \u0219i mu\u0219chi. Studiile de conducere nervoas\u0103 \u0219i electromiografia (EMG) sunt un complement util la examinarea clinic\u0103 a sistemului nervos periferic \u0219i a mu\u0219chilor scheletici stria\u021bi. Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 electroneuromiografia? Semnale electrice [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":698,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":955,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions\/955"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}