{"id":1232,"date":"2024-09-29T14:08:06","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T12:08:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/?p=1232"},"modified":"2024-09-29T14:13:16","modified_gmt":"2024-09-29T12:13:16","slug":"epilepsia-la-copii-tipuri-simptome-diagnostic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/epilepsia-la-copii-tipuri-simptome-diagnostic\/","title":{"rendered":"Epilepsia la copii \u2013 tipuri, simptome, diagnostic"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Care sunt principalii factori de risc pentru epilepsia la copii?<\/h2>\n<p>Epilepsia la copii poate avea implica\u021bii majore, deoarece copiii sunt o popula\u021bie vulnerabil\u0103. Diagnosticarea timpurie poate reduce impactul pe termen lung \u0219i preveni continuarea crizelor la v\u00e2rsta adult\u0103 sau dezvoltarea altor tipuri de crize.<\/p>\n<p>Epilepsia care debuteaz\u0103 \u00een copil\u0103rie are anumite specificit\u0103\u021bi, deoarece unele sindroame epileptice din copil\u0103rie pot s\u0103 intre \u00een remisie sau s\u0103 \u00eenceteze complet \u00een timpul adolescen\u021bei, \u00een timp ce altele pot fi prezente toat\u0103 via\u021ba.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Principalii factori de risc pentru crizele la copii sunt corela\u021bi cu<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>istoricul familial;<\/li>\n<li>temperatura ridicat\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>dizabilitatea mintal\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>na\u0219terea prematur\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>abuzul de alcool al mamei \u0219i fumatul \u00een sarcin\u0103 (dubleaz\u0103 riscul de inciden\u021b\u0103 a crizelor) [1].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1233 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"343\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-1024x468.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-768x351.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-1536x702.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-750x343.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Factori-de-risc-in-epilepsia-la-copii-1140x521.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Rata mortalit\u0103\u021bii la copiii afecta\u021bi de epilepsie este de 5-10 ori mai mare dec\u00e2t la restul popula\u021biei [1].<\/p>\n<h2>Cum se diagnosticheaz\u0103 epilepsia la copii?<\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosticul este efectuat de un neurolog pediatru, pe baza interviurilor cu p\u0103rin\u021bii, \u00eenregistr\u0103rilor video ale evenimentului, simptome specifice \u0219i eliminarea cauzelor unor simptome similare, cum ar fi refluxul acid sau tulbur\u0103rile de mi\u0219care. Dac\u0103 un copil viseaz\u0103 cu ochii deschi\u0219i, de exemplu, acesta va r\u0103spunde imediat la atingere spre deosebire de copil care are o criz\u0103 epileptic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Electroencefalografia (EEG), un test care m\u0103soar\u0103 activitatea electric\u0103 din creier, este folosit\u0103 adesea pentru diagnostic.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Pentru mai multe informa\u021bii despre EEG, urm\u0103ri\u021bi interviul video cu medic primar <strong>Livia Popa.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kYxo8gHfkG4?si=8AkYIkJdwYYil_dN\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Dac\u0103 se stabile\u0219te c\u0103 un copil a avut mai multe crize neprovocate separate de mai mult de 24 de ore f\u0103r\u0103 o cauz\u0103 identificabil\u0103, acesta va fi diagnosticat cu epilepsie.<\/p>\n<h2>Epilepsia la copii &#8211; care sunt principalele tipuri?<\/h2>\n<p>Mai jos sunt descrise cele mai cunoscute tipuri de epilepsii pediatrice [1-5].<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1234 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"534\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-1024x781.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-768x586.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-1536x1171.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-750x572.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Sindroame-epileptice-pediatrice-1140x869.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Spasmele infantile<\/h3>\n<p>Acestea sunt crize ce apar rar, dar care pot fi foarte grave. <strong>De regul\u0103, \u00eencep \u00eenainte de v\u00e2rsta de 6 luni, dar pot fi ap\u0103rea \u00een cursul primilor 2 ani de via\u021b\u0103.<\/strong> \u00cen timpul acestora, sugarul \u00ee\u0219i poate l\u0103sa capul \u00een jos, se poate \u00eendoi la nivelul taliei, \u00ee\u0219i poate ridica bra\u021bele spre cap \u0219i\/sau poate \u021bipa. Spasmele pot duce la \u00eent\u00e2rzieri \u00een dezvoltare, \u0219i apar la 1 din 2.000 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 4.000 de bebelu\u0219i. Sunt mai frecvente imediat dup\u0103 trezire, fiind rar \u00eent\u00e2lnite \u00een timpul somnului. Sunt dificil de tratat, adeseori necesit\u00e2nd un curs repetat de tratament sau o a doua terapie, precum interven\u021bie chirurgical\u0103 sau diet\u0103 ketogenic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Dup\u0103 apari\u021bia spasmelor, copiii pot suferi de:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pierderea etapelor de dezvoltare pe care le atinsese anterior, cum ar fi rostogolirea, \u0219ezutul, t\u00e2r\u00e2tul \u0219i b\u00e2lb\u00e2itul;<\/li>\n<li>Diminuarea capacit\u0103\u021bii de interac\u021biune social\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>Agita\u021bie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Epilepsia de absen\u021b\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>Aceasta <strong>se opre\u0219te de obicei c\u00e2nd copilul ajunge la pubertate \u0219i poate afecta p\u00e2n\u0103 la 12% dintre copiii cu epilepsie sub 16 ani.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Sindromul Lennox-Gastaut<\/h3>\n<p>Acesta include mai multe tipuri diferite de convulsii care <strong>\u00eencep de obicei \u00eenainte de v\u00e2rsta de 4 ani, fiind o form\u0103 sever\u0103 de epilepsie, greu de tratat<\/strong>. Duce adesea la dificult\u0103\u021bi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare \u0219i probleme de comportament. Acest sindrom prezint\u0103 un model specific de activitate electric\u0103 pe electroencefalogram\u0103 \u0219i apare \u00een diverse afec\u021biuni, inclusiv:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>malforma\u021bii cerebrale;<\/li>\n<li>scleroz\u0103 tuberoas\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>asfixie perinatal\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>traumatism cranian sever;<\/li>\n<li>infec\u021bie a sistemului nervos central;<\/li>\n<li>afec\u021biuni genetice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Encefalita Rasmussen<\/h3>\n<p>Este o form\u0103 progresiv\u0103 \u0219i rar\u0103 de epilepsie \u00een care jum\u0103tate din creier prezint\u0103 inflama\u021bie cronic\u0103. Se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin epilepsie focal\u0103 rezistent\u0103 la medicamente, hemiplegie progresiv\u0103 \u0219i declin cognitiv, ce \u00eencepe adesea \u00een jurul v\u00e2rstei de 6 ani. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce boala progreseaz\u0103, apar diferite manifest\u0103ri ale crizelor focale, suger\u00e2nd noi zone afectate de inflama\u021bie \u00een emisfer\u0103. Netratat\u0103, aceasta poate duce la hemiparez\u0103 \u0219i declin cognitiv \u00een termen de un an de la debut.<\/p>\n<h3>Sindromul Dravet \u0219i scleroza tuberoas\u0103 complex\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>Crizele epileptice \u00eencep \u00eenainte de v\u00e2rsta de un an, apar spontan \u0219i pot fi adesea asociate \u0219i cu o temperatur\u0103 ridicat\u0103, fiind greu de tratat. Poate duce la dificult\u0103\u021bi intelectuale \u0219i comportamentale \u0219i dureaz\u0103 toat\u0103 via\u021ba.<\/p>\n<h3>Hamartomul hipotalamic<\/h3>\n<p>Este o form\u0103 rar\u0103 de epilepsie care apare \u00een timpul copil\u0103riei \u0219i este asociat\u0103 cu malforma\u021bii ale hipotalamusului, fiind prezent\u0103 la na\u0219tere. Este dificil de diagnosticat \u0219i poate afecta urm\u0103toarele func\u021bii:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tensiunea arterial\u0103;<\/li>\n<li>temperatura corpului;<\/li>\n<li>senza\u021bia de stres;<\/li>\n<li>senza\u021bia de foame.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Epilepsia lobului temporal \u0219i frontal<\/h3>\n<p>Epilepsia lobului temporal poate debuta la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u0219i implic\u0103 crize cu debut focal, cu sau f\u0103r\u0103 tulbur\u0103ri de con\u0219tien\u021b\u0103. Convulsiile implic\u0103 confuzie \u0219i schimb\u0103ri de comportament \u0219i pot evolua spre <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/principalele-tipuri-de-crize-epileptice\/\">convulsii tonico-clonice<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Sindromul West sau spasmele infantile<\/h3>\n<p>Acesta debuteaz\u0103 de obicei \u00een cursul primului an de via\u021b\u0103, fiind marcat de spasmele foarte scurte care fac ca bebelu\u0219ul s\u0103 se rigidizeze brusc. Spasmele pot afecta \u00eentregul corp sau doar membrele. Mul\u021bi copii dezvolt\u0103 probleme de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare sau de comportament, uneori duc\u00e2nd la sindromul Lennox-Gastaut. Poate afecta copiii care au suferit o leziune cerebral\u0103 \u00eenainte de v\u00e2rsta de 6 luni, al c\u0103ror creier nu s-a format corespunz\u0103tor sau care au anomalii genetice.<\/p>\n<h3>Epilepsie mioclonic\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>Acest sindrom apare de obicei \u00eentre 12 \u0219i 18 ani, iar convulsiile se manifest\u0103 frecvent la scurt timp dup\u0103 trezire, fiind adesea declan\u0219ate de stres sau lipsa somnului. Aproximativ 40% dintre persoanele afectate prezint\u0103 fotosensibilitate, \u00een care crizele sunt provocate de lumini intermitente sau modele contrastante de lumin\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentuneric (epilepsie fotosensibil\u0103).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>Copilul dumneavoastr\u0103 sufer\u0103 de epilepsie? Programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia Institutului <strong>RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<strong> <a href=\"tel:+40374462222\">0374 46 2222<\/a><\/strong>, luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 19:00<\/strong>, iar de miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 18:00. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate. Mai mult, pot fi efectuate program\u0103ri online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background-color: #6852ed; color: white; text-decoration: none; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/progamari.html\">Program\u0103ri online aici!<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/telemedicina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Ce simptome au copii care sufer\u0103 de epilepsie?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simptomele copilului depind de tipul de criz\u0103. Simptomele generale pot include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">privirea fix\u0103;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stare de confuzie;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mi\u0219c\u0103ri sacadate ale bra\u021belor \u0219i picioarelor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pierderea cuno\u0219tin\u021bei;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rigidizarea corpului;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">probleme de respira\u021bie sau oprirea respira\u021biei;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">c\u0103derea brusc\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 niciun motiv aparent;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pierderea controlului intestinelor sau al vezicii urinare;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lipsa de reac\u021bie la zgomote sau cuvinte pentru perioade scurte;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mi\u0219carea ritmic\u0103 a capului asociat\u0103 cu pierderea cuno\u0219tin\u021bei sau a con\u0219tiin\u021bei;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">clipit rapid [6].<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00cen timpul convulsiei, buzele copilului se pot cianoza (ap\u0103rea albastre), iar respira\u021bia poate s\u0103 nu fie normal\u0103, iar dup\u0103 criz\u0103 acesta poate fi somnoros sau confuz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apela\u021bi la un cadru medical dac\u0103:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simptomele se agraveaz\u0103 sau nu se amelioreaz\u0103;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Apar efecte secundare ale medicamentelor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Convulsiile cresc \u00een durat\u0103, frecven\u021b\u0103 sau severitate.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #b14cf4; padding: 10px;\"><center><b>Suna\u021bi la 911 dac\u0103 copilul dumneavoastr\u0103 are o criz\u0103 care dureaz\u0103 mai mult de 5 minute sau are 2 crize \u00een decurs de 5 minute!<\/b><\/center><\/div>\n<h2>Care sunt cauzele crizelor epileptice la copii?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cauzele frecvente ale crizelor sau epilepsiei la copii includ:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">febr\u0103 (convulsii febrile);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">genetic\u0103;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">traumatism cranian;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lipsa de oxigen la nivelul creierului;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">hidrocefalie (exces de ap\u0103 \u00een cavit\u0103\u021bile creierului);<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">infec\u021bii ale creierului;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">tulbur\u0103ri de dezvoltare a creierului [7].<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1237 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"343\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-1024x468.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-768x351.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-1536x702.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-750x343.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cauzele-epilepsiei-la-copii-1140x521.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Unele evenimente pot fi confundate cu convulsiile:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>crize de re\u021binere a respira\u021biei;<\/li>\n<li>st\u0103ri de le\u0219in;<\/li>\n<li>visarea cu ochii deschi\u0219i;<\/li>\n<li>smucituri normale de somn;<\/li>\n<li>migrene;<\/li>\n<li>terori nocturne;<\/li>\n<li>probleme cardiace \u0219i gastrice;<\/li>\n<li>probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate mintal\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Care este impactul epilesiei copiilor asupra p\u0103rin\u021bilor?<\/h2>\n<p>Imprevizibilitatea epilepsiei poate provoca anxietate at\u00e2t \u00een r\u00e2ndul copiilor, c\u00e2t \u0219i al p\u0103rin\u021bilor.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0103rin\u021bii copiilor cu epilepsie se confrunt\u0103 adesea cu izolare, stigmatizare \u0219i dificult\u0103\u021bi financiare, din cauza vizitelor medicale frecvente \u0219i absen\u021belor repetate de la serviciu. De asemenea, ace\u0219tia raporteaz\u0103 niveluri mai ridicate de anxietate \u0219i depresie \u00een compara\u021bie cu p\u0103rin\u021bii copiilor s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i [8].<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen aceste cazuri, este important ca ace\u0219tia s\u0103 beneficieze de sprijin psihologic \u0219i financiar.<\/p>\n<h2>Este afectat\u0103 inteligen\u021ba copiilor cu epilepsie?<\/h2>\n<p>Majoritatea copiilor cu epilepsie au aceea\u0219i inteligen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i abilit\u0103\u021bi ca \u0219i ceilal\u021bi copii. Cu toate acestea, unii dintre ei pot avea dificult\u0103\u021bi de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare, fie din cauza epilepsiei, fie din cauza unei afec\u021biuni coexistente, cum ar fi tulburarea de hiperactivitate cu deficit de aten\u021bie (ADHD) sau tulburarea din spectrul autist. Convulsiile nocturne pot provoca somnolen\u021b\u0103 \u00een timpul zilei, ceea ce poate afecta \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea \u0219i aten\u021bia.<\/p>\n<p>Uneori, medica\u021bia poate duce la somnolen\u021b\u0103 sau afecta comportamentul. Atunci c\u00e2nd se identific\u0103 o dificultate de \u00eenv\u0103\u021bare la un copil, aceasta trebuie abordat\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod holistic, lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare medica\u021bia c\u00e2t \u0219i alte terapii de suport.<\/p>\n<h2>Concluzii<\/h2>\n<p>\u00cen fiecare an, mai mult de 45 000 de copii primesc diagnosticul de epilepsie, o boal\u0103 cu profund impact asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii fizice \u0219i psihice. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 impactul asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii fizice, aceasta pune presiune semnificativ\u0103 asupra pacientului \u0219i a p\u0103rin\u021bilor, din punct de vedere psihic \u0219i financiar. Mai mult, stigma care \u00eenc\u0103 este asociat\u0103 epilepsiei poate duce la sentimente de izolare \u0219i frustrare.<\/p>\n<p>Pentru a putea gestiona epilepsia pediatric\u0103 este necesar s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem diferitele moduri \u00een care aceasta poate ap\u0103rea, simptomele generale \u0219i specifice subtipurilor principale, c\u00e2t \u0219i factorii de risc, modul de diagnostic \u0219i impactul acesteia.<\/p>\n<p>Copiii reprezint\u0103 o popula\u021bie vulnerabil\u0103, motiv pentru care interven\u021bia timpurie \u0219i un plan de tratament personalizat sunt esen\u021biale pentru a le oferi cea mai bun\u0103 \u0219ans\u0103 de a avea o via\u021b\u0103 c\u00e2t mai normal\u0103. Ace\u0219tia, precum \u0219i p\u0103rin\u021bii lor, au nevoie de sprijin psihologic \u0219i educa\u021bional pentru a face fa\u021b\u0103 provoc\u0103rilor zilnice.<\/p>\n<h2>Referin\u021be<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Minardi C, Minacapelli R, Valastro P, Vasile F, Pitino S, Pavone P, Astuto M, Murabito P. Epilepsy in Children: From Diagnosis to Treatment with Focus on Emergency. J Clin Med. 2019 Jan 2;8(1):39. doi: 10.3390\/jcm8010039. PMID: 30609770; PMCID: PMC6352402.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/epilepsy\/epilepsy-syndromes-in-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Epilepsy syndromes in children<\/em><\/a>. Johns Hopkins Medicine. (2024a, June 17).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epilepsy.com\/what-is-epilepsy\/syndromes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Epilepsy syndromes: Syndromes by age<\/em><\/a>. Epilepsy Foundation.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/health-information\/disorders\/lennox-gastaut-syndrome#:~:text=What is Lennox-Gastaut syndrome,seizures that vary among individuals.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lennox-Gastaut syndrome<\/a> | National Institute of Neurological &#8230; (n.d.).<\/li>\n<li>Varadkar S, Bien CG, Kruse CA, Jensen FE, Bauer J, Pardo CA, Vincent A, Mathern GW, Cross JH. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsmedicine.org\/health\/conditions-and-diseases\/epilepsy\/seizures-and-epilepsy-in-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rasmussen&#8217;s encephalitis: clinical features, pathobiology, and treatment advances<\/a>. Lancet Neurol. 2014 Feb;13(2):195-205. doi: 10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70260-6.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epilepsy.com\/parents-and-caregivers\/kids\/causes-epilepsy-childhood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Causes of epilepsy in childhood<\/em><\/a>. Epilepsy Foundation.<\/li>\n<li>Yale Medicine. (2022, August 13). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yalemedicine.org\/conditions\/pediatric-epilepsy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Epilepsy in children and teens<\/em>.<\/a> Yale Medicine.<\/li>\n<li>Department of Health &amp; Human Services. (2003, July 16). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/epilepsy-in-children\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Epilepsy in children<\/em><\/a>. Better Health Channel.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Care sunt principalii factori de risc pentru epilepsia la copii? Epilepsia la copii poate avea implica\u021bii majore, deoarece copiii sunt o popula\u021bie vulnerabil\u0103. Diagnosticarea timpurie poate reduce impactul pe termen lung \u0219i preveni continuarea crizelor la v\u00e2rsta adult\u0103 sau dezvoltarea altor tipuri de crize. Epilepsia care debuteaz\u0103 \u00een copil\u0103rie are anumite specificit\u0103\u021bi, deoarece unele sindroame [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1242,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"6","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"floatbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1232"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1241,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1232\/revisions\/1241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}