{"id":1423,"date":"2024-12-05T19:43:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-05T17:43:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/?p=1423"},"modified":"2024-12-06T13:29:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-06T11:29:32","slug":"dementa-de-tip-parkinson","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/dementa-de-tip-parkinson\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Ce este demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson?<\/h2>\n<p>Demen\u021ba cauzat\u0103 de boala Parkinson este foarte similar\u0103 \u0219i are un mecanism comun cu <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/dementa-cu-corpi-lewy\/\">demen\u021ba cu corpi Lewy<\/a>. Diferen\u021bierea acestora este important\u0103 pentru ini\u021bierea tratamentului \u0219i gestionarea pacien\u021bilor.<\/p>\n<p>Aceasta se instaleaz\u0103 la c\u00e2\u021biva ani dup\u0103 debutul bolii Parkinson \u0219i este, la fel ca celelalte tipuri de demen\u021b\u0103, caracterizat\u0103 de un proces neurodegenerativ, neexist\u00e2nd un tratament unic, ci doar medica\u021bii sau strategii care gestioneaz\u0103 simptomele specifice.<\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt simptomele demen\u021bei de tip Parkinson?<\/h2>\n<p>Demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson este marcat\u0103 de <strong>probleme progresive motorii<\/strong>, precum \u00eencetinirea mi\u0219c\u0103rilor, tremor prezent \u00een repaus \u0219i instabilitatea mersului care poate provoca c\u0103deri.<\/p>\n<p>Semnele incipiente ale acestui tip de demen\u021b\u0103 sunt probleme cu ra\u021bionamentul \u0219i judecata, dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea informa\u021biilor vizuale sau \u00een amintirea pa\u0219ilor pentru sarcini zilnice simple. Memoria, concentrarea \u0219i judecata sunt \u0219i ele afectate.<\/p>\n<p>Afec\u021biunea\u00a0 poate determina, de asemenea, simptome psihologice precum iritabilitate, depresie, anxietate sau paranoia, dar \u0219i probleme cu vorbirea\u2013pot uita cuvinte sau se pot pierde \u00een timpul unei conversa\u021bii [1].<\/p>\n<p>Sunt frecvente dificult\u0103\u021bi cu ciclul somn\/veghe (dormit \u00een timpul zilei \u0219i treaz noaptea) sau \u201etulburare de comportament REM\u201d, care implic\u0103 executarea viselor.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1425 \" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"660\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2.jpg 1455w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-273x300.jpg 273w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-931x1024.jpg 931w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-768x845.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-1397x1536.jpg 1397w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-750x825.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/simptome-dementa-parkinson2-1140x1254.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt factorii de risc pentru demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson?<\/h2>\n<p>Similar cu alte tipuri de demen\u021b\u0103, v\u00e2rsta reprezint\u0103 un factor de risc pentru demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson, aceasta ap\u0103r\u00e2nd mai des la persoanele cu v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u00eenaintat\u0103. De asemenea, cu c\u00e2t o persoan\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u0219te mai mult cu boala Parkinson, cu at\u00e2t mai mari \u0219anse are de a dezvolta acest tip de demen\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Anumite caracteristici ale bolii Parkinson cresc riscul de a dezvolta demen\u021b\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Simptome motorii severe;<\/li>\n<li>Probleme cu func\u021bionarea sistemului nervos autonom (ex. hipotensiunea ortostatic\u0103 \u0219i pierderea controlului vezicii urinare) \u00een stadiile incipiente ale bolii Parkinson.<\/li>\n<li>Simptome de mi\u0219care simetrice;<\/li>\n<li>Ineficien\u021ba medicamentelor pentru boala Parkinson;<\/li>\n<li>Tulbur\u0103ri de comportament \u00een somn REM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>Dac\u0103 ave\u021bi un membru al familiei cu simptome anterior amintite programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia Institutului <strong>RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<strong> <a href=\"tel:+40374462222\">0374 46 2222<\/a><\/strong>, luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 19:00<\/strong>, iar de miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 18:00. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate. Mai mult, pot fi efectuate program\u0103ri online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background-color: #6852ed; color: white; text-decoration: none; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/progamari.html\">Program\u0103ri online aici!<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/telemedicina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Ce \u0219tim despre demen\u021ba cauzat\u0103 de boala Parkinson?<\/h2>\n<p>Boala Parkinson este o tulburare neurologic\u0103 destul de frecvent\u0103 la adul\u021bii \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103, estim\u00e2ndu-se c\u0103 afecteaz\u0103 aproape 2% din persoanele cu v\u00e2rsta peste 65 de ani [1].<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1424 \" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"264\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-300x132.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-1024x451.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-768x338.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-1536x676.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-750x330.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/statistics-1140x502.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Simptomele motorii apar \u00eentre 50-85 de ani. Aproximativ 80% dintre persoanele cu boala Parkinson dezvolt\u0103 demen\u021b\u0103 \u00een stadiile avansate. \u00cen medie, aceasta apare la aproximativ 10 ani de la debutul tulbur\u0103rilor de mi\u0219care [2-3].<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Durata medie de la diagnosticarea bolii Parkinson p\u00e2n\u0103 la apari\u021bia demen\u021bei este de aproximativ<strong> 10 ani.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Aproximativ<strong> trei sferturi <\/strong>dintre persoanele care tr\u0103iesc cu Parkinson mai mult de un deceniu dezvolt\u0103 demen\u021b\u0103, iar \u00eenainte de aceasta, prezint\u0103 adesea tulbur\u0103ri cognitive u\u0219oare.<\/p>\n<p>Dintre cei cu func\u021bii cognitive normale la momentul diagnostic\u0103rii, aproape<strong> 30% <\/strong>vor dezvolta demen\u021b\u0103 dup\u0103 cinci ani [5].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Cum se diferen\u021biaz\u0103 demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson de alte tipuri de demen\u021b\u0103?<\/h2>\n<p>Evaluarea pentru diagnosticarea demen\u021bei de tip Parkinson este similar\u0103 cu cea a altor tipuri de demen\u021b\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 este important\u0103 ob\u021binerea unui diagnostic diferen\u021bial fa\u021b\u0103 de <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/dementa-cu-corpi-lewy\/\">demen\u021ba cu corpi Lewy<\/a>. \u00cen general, acestea se diferen\u021biaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de debutul simptomelor motorii sau cognitive.<\/p>\n<p>Comparativ cu <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/dementa-alzheimer\/\">demen\u021ba de tip Alzheimer<\/a>, cea mai \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 form\u0103, persoanele cu demen\u021b\u0103 cauzat\u0103 de boala Parkinson prezint\u0103 simptome mai severe de apatie \u0219i tulbur\u0103ri de aten\u021bie, \u00eens\u0103 afectarea limbajului debuteaz\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een cazul celei de-a doua.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Tipul de demen\u021b\u0103<\/th>\n<th>Demen\u021ba cu corpi Lewy<\/th>\n<th>Demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u00e2rsta de debut<\/td>\n<td>50+<\/td>\n<td>65+<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Prevalen\u021b\u0103\/Inciden\u021b\u0103<\/td>\n<td>5% din persoanele cu demen\u021b\u0103<\/td>\n<td>80% din persoanele cu BP<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cauz\u0103<\/td>\n<td>Acumul\u0103ri de corpi Lewy<\/td>\n<td>Acumul\u0103ri de corpi Lewy<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Simptome<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Dificult\u0103\u021bi de memorie, aten\u021bie, concentrare<\/li>\n<li>Halucina\u021bii<\/li>\n<li>Probleme \u00een men\u021binerea st\u0103rii de veghe<\/li>\n<li>Dificult\u0103\u021bi de mi\u0219care<\/li>\n<li>Somn perturbat<\/li>\n<li>Dezorientare<\/li>\n<li>Dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een luarea deciziilor<\/li>\n<li>Probleme cu percep\u021bia<\/li>\n<li>Apa\u021bie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Probleme de mi\u0219care<\/li>\n<li>Halucina\u021bii, paranoia<\/li>\n<li>Probleme de somn<\/li>\n<li>Simptome psihologice<\/li>\n<li>Probleme cognitive<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Cum putem gestiona demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson?<\/h2>\n<p>Persoanelor cu demen\u021b\u0103 de tip Parkinson le este recomandat s\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reevalueze capacitatea de a conduce autovehiculele, deoarece at\u00e2t simptomele cognitive ale demen\u021bei c\u00e2t \u0219i cele motorii, specifice bolii Parkinson, pot reprezenta un pericol pentru \u0219ofat;<\/li>\n<li>Minimizeze riscurile legate de prescrip\u021biile medicale \u0219i administrarea medicamentelor (prin monitorizarea utiliz\u0103rii);<\/li>\n<li>Utilizarea unor sisteme de alarm\u0103 medicale, utile \u00een cazul c\u0103derilor sau r\u0103t\u0103cirii persoanei (precum ceasuri cu GPS);<\/li>\n<li>Autoeduca\u021bia despre acest tip de demen\u021b\u0103, progresul ei, metode de gestionare;<\/li>\n<li>Reorganizarea \u0219i adaptarea spa\u021biului de locuit pentru a reduce confuzia \u0219i riscul de c\u0103dere;<\/li>\n<li>Implementarea unei rutine structurate;<\/li>\n<li>\u00censcrierea \u00eentr-un grup de suport \u0219i ob\u021binerea de suport psihologic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Concluzii<\/h2>\n<p>Demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson necesit\u0103 o abordare personalizat\u0103 \u0219i multidisciplinare, care s\u0103 sprijine at\u00e2t func\u021biile motorii, c\u00e2t \u0219i pe cele cognitive. De\u0219i nu exist\u0103 un tratament curativ, interven\u021biile medicale, terapia ocupa\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i suportul familial pot \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi calitatea vie\u021bii persoanelor afectate.<\/p>\n<p>Progresul \u0219tiin\u021bific continuu pentru dezvoltarea de noi terapii care s\u0103 \u00eencetineasc\u0103 progresia bolii \u0219i s\u0103 ofere solu\u021bii mai eficiente ofer\u0103 \u00eencredere \u0219i speran\u021be medicilor \u0219i pacien\u021bilor. Con\u0219tientizarea \u0219i \u00een\u021belegerea acestei afec\u021biuni sunt esen\u021biale pentru a oferi sprijinul necesar celor care se confrunt\u0103 cu provoc\u0103rile demen\u021bei de tip Parkinson.<\/p>\n<h2>Referin\u021be<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alz.org\/alzheimers-dementia\/what-is-dementia\/types-of-dementia\/parkinson-s-disease-dementia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Dementia.<\/a> (n.d.-a).<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/memory.ucsf.edu\/dementia\/parkinsons\/parkinson-disease-dementia<\/li>\n<li>Garcia-Ptacek S, Kramberger MG. Parkinson Disease and Dementia. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2016 Sep;29(5):261-70. doi: 10.1177\/0891988716654985. PMID: 27502301.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce este demen\u021ba de tip Parkinson? Demen\u021ba cauzat\u0103 de boala Parkinson este foarte similar\u0103 \u0219i are un mecanism comun cu demen\u021ba cu corpi Lewy. Diferen\u021bierea acestora este important\u0103 pentru ini\u021bierea tratamentului \u0219i gestionarea pacien\u021bilor. Aceasta se instaleaz\u0103 la c\u00e2\u021biva ani dup\u0103 debutul bolii Parkinson \u0219i este, la fel ca celelalte tipuri de demen\u021b\u0103, caracterizat\u0103 de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1427,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"6","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"floatbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1423","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1423","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1423"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1423\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1435,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1423\/revisions\/1435"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1423"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1423"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1423"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}