Denumirea vine de la\u00a0activitatea ochilor\u00a0pe care o \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 electroencefalograma (EEG):<\/p>\n
- \n
- non-REM <\/strong>(englez\u0103:\u00a0Non-Rapid Eye Movement<\/em>)\u00a0=\u00a0f\u0103r\u0103<\/strong>mi\u0219c\u0103ri oculare\u00a0rapide<\/strong>. \u00cen aceast\u0103 faz\u0103, ochii nu se mi\u0219c\u0103 sau fac mi\u0219c\u0103ri lente.<\/li>\n
- REM <\/strong>(englez\u0103:\u00a0Rapid Eye Movement<\/em>)\u00a0=\u00a0cu<\/strong>mi\u0219c\u0103ri oculare\u00a0rapide<\/strong>. Aici, ochii se mi\u0219c\u0103 foarte repede sub pleoape, de parc\u0103 urm\u0103resc ac\u021biunea din vis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Somnul non-REM<\/h3>\n
Somnul non-REM<\/strong>\u00a0este somnul „ad\u00e2nc” \u0219i de recuperare, cu etape progresive:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Intrare \u00een somn<\/strong>– relaxare, activitate cerebral\u0103 \u00eencetinit\u0103 [5]<\/li>\n
- Somn profund<\/strong>– respira\u021bia \u0219i ritmul cardiac scad, mu\u0219chii se relaxeaz\u0103, iar sistemul glimfatic devine activ,\u00a0elimin\u00e2nd toxinele\u00a0din creier \u0219i\u00a0consolid\u00e2nd memoria\u00a0[6,7]<\/li>\n
- Somn cu unde lente <\/strong>\u2013 este cea mai profund\u0103 dintre etape, deosebit de important\u0103 pentru consolidarea memoriei \u0219i recuperarea \u021besuturilor [6,7].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Somnul cu mi\u0219c\u0103ri oculare lente (non-REM), este \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit \u00een alte c\u00e2teva etape. Fiecare faz\u0103 \u0219i etap\u0103 a somnului include varia\u021bii ale tonusului muscular, ale tiparelor undelor cerebrale \u0219i ale mi\u0219c\u0103rilor oculare.<\/p>\n
Somnul REM<\/h3>\n
Etapa de somn REM este marcat\u0103 de vise vii \u0219i o activitate cerebral\u0103 accentuat\u0103, similar\u0103 cu starea de veghe. Somnul REM sus\u021bine procesarea emo\u021bional\u0103, creativitatea \u0219i \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea.<\/p>\n
Este o faz\u0103 paradoxal\u0103: creierul este foarte activ, dar\u00a0mu\u0219chii voluntari sunt paraliza\u021bi temporar, tocmai pentru a ne \u00eempiedica s\u0103 ne execut\u0103m visele.<\/p>\n
De\u0219i ocup\u0103 doar ~25% din somn, aceast\u0103 etap\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea psihic\u0103 \u0219i adaptarea la stres [8].<\/p>\n
Aceast\u0103 progresie structurat\u0103 pornind de la somn u\u0219or, somn profund, \u0219i REM, formeaz\u0103 arhitectura care permite somnului s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 gama larg\u0103 de func\u021bii restauratoare [9].<\/p>\n
Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n
Dac\u0103 crede\u021bi c\u0103 ave\u021bi o tulburare a somnului, stare de somnolen\u021b\u0103 diurn\u0103, oboseal\u0103 sau dureri de cap la trezire diminea\u021ba, programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum la o consulta\u021bie\u00a0<\/span>contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia Institutului RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<\/span> 0374 46 2222<\/a><\/b>, luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele 08:00 – 19:00<\/strong>, iar de miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele 08:00 – 18:00<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
Program\u0103ri online neurologie<\/a><\/p>\n
Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? Institutul RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <\/span>telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/p>\n
Ce este privarea de somn?<\/h2>\n
Privarea de somn se refer\u0103 la o durat\u0103 mai mic\u0103 dec\u00e2t este necesar\u0103 pentru func\u021bionarea normal\u0103 a corpului \u0219i a creierului. Pentru majoritatea adul\u021bilor, aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103, \u00een medie, mai pu\u021bin de 7 ore de somn pe noapte, de\u0219i nevoile individuale variaz\u0103 [10]. Privarea de somn<\/a> poate fi:<\/p>\n
- \n
- acut\u0103<\/strong> (lipsa somnului pe \u00eentreaga durat\u0103 a unei nop\u021bi sau somn \u00eentrerupt de mai multe ori) [11],<\/li>\n
- cronic\u0103<\/strong> (somnul dureaz\u0103 prea pu\u021bin timp de c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, luni sau chiar ani la r\u00e2nd) [12].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/tipuri-de-privare-de-somn-scaled.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\n\u00cen cazul priv\u0103rii cronice de somn creierul nu se recupereaz\u0103 niciodat\u0103 complet iar efectele adverse sunt cumulative, creierul fiind for\u021bat s\u0103 func\u021bioneze. Privarea de somn poate apare din mai multe cauze:<\/p>\n
- \n
- stil de via\u021b\u0103 incorect<\/strong> (diet\u0103 consumat\u0103 seara, stres, oboseal\u0103<\/a> cronic\u0103) [13],<\/li>\n
- anumite afec\u021biuni medicale<\/strong> (insomnie<\/a>, apnee \u00een somn<\/a>) [14].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cauzele-privarii-de-somn-scaled.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nCe se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u00een creier atunci c\u00e2nd nu dormim?<\/h2>\n
C\u00e2nd suntem \u00een stare de veghe neuronii lucreaz\u0103 continuu. Ei proceseaz\u0103 informa\u021bii, formeaz\u0103 g\u00e2nduri, reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 la mediu \u0219i stocheaz\u0103 amintiri. \u00cen lipsa somnului<\/a>, abilit\u0103\u021bile noastre cognitive \u0219i emo\u021bionale devin semnificativ perturbate [15].<\/p>\n
Creierul consum\u0103 o cantitate substan\u021bial\u0103 de \u201ccombustibil biologic\u201d pentru a sus\u021bine activit\u0103\u021bile neuronilor, ceea ce este asociat cu producerea unui volum considerabil de de\u0219euri metabolice [16]. \u00cen condi\u021bii normale, creierul elimin\u0103 aceste produse secundare \u00een timpul somnului. Dar dac\u0103 somnul este \u00eentrerupt, procesul de cur\u0103\u021bare este incomplet.<\/p>\n
Lipsa somnului afecteaz\u0103 modul \u00een care neuronii<\/a> comunic\u0103 \u00eentre ei. Semnalele electrice pot deveni mai lente sau mai pu\u021bin precise, ceea ce face mai dificil\u0103 \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea, luarea deciziilor sau amintirea informa\u021biilor [17]. Mesagerii chimici, cum ar fi neurotransmi\u021b\u0103torii<\/a> responsabili de starea de spirit \u0219i aten\u021bie, se dezechilibreaz\u0103 \u0219i ei [18].<\/p>\n
Cum elimin\u0103 creierul toxinele \u00een timpul somnului?<\/h2>\n
Sistemul glimfatic, ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 asemenea personalului de cur\u0103\u021benie al creierului. \u00cen timp ce dormim spa\u021biile dintre celulele creierului se extind. Acest lucru permite lichidului cefalorahidian s\u0103 \u201dspele\u201d \u021besutul cerebral elimin\u00e2nd \u201dde\u0219eurile\u201d, precum unele proteine reziduale corelate cu bolile neurologice [19].<\/p>\n
\u00cen timpul priv\u0103rii de somn, aceast\u0103 cur\u0103\u021bire \u00eencetine\u0219te, devine ineficient\u0103 iar toxinele se acumuleaz\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai mult [20,21].<\/p>\n
Care sunt efectele imediate ale priv\u0103rii de somn?<\/h2>\n
Chiar \u0219i o singur\u0103 noapte de somn perturbat poate avea efecte [22] vizibile \u00een ziua urm\u0103toare, precum:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Oboseal\u0103<\/strong> (creierul se str\u0103duie\u0219te s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 activ dar timpii de reac\u021bie devin len\u021bi);<\/li>\n
- Iritabilitate<\/strong> (structurile cerebrale de procesare a emo\u021biilor devin hiperactive, limit\u00e2nd autocontrolul);<\/li>\n
- Lips\u0103 de concentrare<\/strong> (lobul frontal cerebral devine ineficient afect\u00e2nd aten\u021bia \u0219i luarea deciziilor).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Toate aceste efecte [23-25], favorizeaz\u0103 gre\u0219eli sau accidente la locul de munc\u0103, dificult\u0103\u021bi legate de \u00eenv\u0103\u021barea unor informa\u021bii noi \u0219i probleme de concentrare asupra sarcinilor \u0219i responsabilit\u0103\u021bilor [26].<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/efectele-privarii-de-somn-scaled.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nCare sunt efectele cumulative ale priv\u0103rii cronice de somn?<\/h2>\n
Privarea cronic\u0103 de somn poate produce modific\u0103ri la nivel cerebral precum:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Atrofierea anumitor zone cerebrale<\/strong> (precum cele implicate \u00een memorie \u0219i luarea deciziilor) [27,28];<\/li>\n
- Conectivitate redus\u0103 \u00eentre diferite zone cerebrale<\/strong> (procesele mentale devin mai pu\u021bin eficiente) [29];<\/li>\n
- Inflama\u021bie accentuat\u0103<\/strong> (sc\u0103derea gradului de excitabilitate neuronal\u0103) [30-32].<\/li>\n
- Dezechilibru hormonal<\/strong> (nivelele mari ale hormonilor stresului afecteaz\u0103 hipocampul) [33].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/efectele-cumulative-ale-privarii-de-somn-scaled.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nConcluzii<\/h2>\n
Somnul este mai mult dec\u00e2t o simpl\u0103 odihn\u0103, deoarece este o etap\u0103 de mentenan\u021b\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru creier. Privarea de somn, mai ales cea cronic\u0103, perturb\u0103 func\u021bia creierului, modific\u0103 structura creierului \u0219i interfereaz\u0103 cu procesul de cur\u0103\u021bare care protejeaz\u0103 creierul de toxinele d\u0103un\u0103toare.<\/p>\n
Majoritatea oamenilor \u0219tiu c\u0103 lipsa unei nop\u021bi de somn \u00eei las\u0103 obosi\u021bi a doua zi, dar pu\u021bini \u00een\u021beleg faptul c\u0103 privarea de somn pe termen lung poate schimba modul \u00een care comunic\u0103 celulele neuronale \u0219i chiar modul \u00een care creierul se protejeaz\u0103 de boli.<\/p>\n
\u00cen timp, aceste schimb\u0103ri cresc riscul de tulbur\u0103ri neurologice \u0219i psihiatrice, afect\u00e2nd de altfel \u0219i bun\u0103starea psihologic\u0103. Prioritizarea somnului este una dintre cele mai eficiente modalit\u0103\u021bi de a proteja s\u0103n\u0103tatea creierului pe termen lung.<\/p>\n
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- Jiao Y, Butoyi C, Zhang Q, et al. Sleep disorders impact hormonal regulation: unravelling the relationship among sleep disorders, hormones and metabolic diseases. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025;17(1):305. doi:10.1186\/s13098-025-01871-w. Available at: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12315459\/<\/a><\/li>\n
- Lv YN, Cui Y, Zhang B, Huang SM. Sleep deficiency promotes Alzheimer’s disease development and progression. Front Neurol. 2022;13:1053942. doi:10.3389\/fneur.2022.1053942. Available at: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9795181\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cum afecteaz\u0103 somnul s\u0103n\u0103tatea creierului? Atunci c\u00e2nd dormim creierul activeaz\u0103 procese fundamentale pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea sa pe termen lung cu rol \u00een \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea memoriei, reglarea metabolismului \u0219i reducerea oboselii mintale [1]. \u00cen timpul somnului creierul se reorganizeaz\u0103, iar\u00a0 \u00een intervalele de somn profund, \u201esistemul de cur\u0103\u021bare\u201d al creierului (sistemul glimfatic) devine activ, elimin\u00e2nd de\u0219eurile toxice acumulate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","override":[{"template":"6","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"floatbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologie","category-somnologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2168"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2186,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168\/revisions\/2186"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
- Maquet P. The role of sleep in learning and memory. Science. 2001;294(5544):1048-1052. doi:10.1126\/science.1062856. Available at: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11691982\/<\/a><\/li>\n
- Conectivitate redus\u0103 \u00eentre diferite zone cerebrale<\/strong> (procesele mentale devin mai pu\u021bin eficiente) [29];<\/li>\n
- Iritabilitate<\/strong> (structurile cerebrale de procesare a emo\u021biilor devin hiperactive, limit\u00e2nd autocontrolul);<\/li>\n
- anumite afec\u021biuni medicale<\/strong> (insomnie<\/a>, apnee \u00een somn<\/a>) [14].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- cronic\u0103<\/strong> (somnul dureaz\u0103 prea pu\u021bin timp de c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, luni sau chiar ani la r\u00e2nd) [12].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
- Somn profund<\/strong>– respira\u021bia \u0219i ritmul cardiac scad, mu\u0219chii se relaxeaz\u0103, iar sistemul glimfatic devine activ,\u00a0elimin\u00e2nd toxinele\u00a0din creier \u0219i\u00a0consolid\u00e2nd memoria\u00a0[6,7]<\/li>\n
- REM <\/strong>(englez\u0103:\u00a0Rapid Eye Movement<\/em>)\u00a0=\u00a0cu<\/strong>mi\u0219c\u0103ri oculare\u00a0rapide<\/strong>. Aici, ochii se mi\u0219c\u0103 foarte repede sub pleoape, de parc\u0103 urm\u0103resc ac\u021biunea din vis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n