{"id":2422,"date":"2026-09-14T17:27:12","date_gmt":"2026-09-14T15:27:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/?p=2422"},"modified":"2026-09-14T17:27:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-14T15:27:12","slug":"epilepsia-la-bebelusi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/epilepsia-la-bebelusi\/","title":{"rendered":"Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i: de ce este dificil de recunoscut?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i<\/h2>\n<p>Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i este dificil de recunoscut deoarece prezint\u0103 semne care sunt deseori considerate parte din comportamentul normal. Episoade scurte de fixare a privirii, mi\u0219c\u0103ri neobi\u0219nuite, smucituri repetitive sau modific\u0103ri de reactivitate, sunt greu de observat, ele put\u00e2nd fi atribuite manifest\u0103rilor normale de dezvoltare [1].<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/ce-este-epilepsia\/\">Epilepsia<\/a> poate debuta la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, dar intervalul de v\u00e2rste cu cel mai mare risc este cuprins \u00eentre 6 luni \u0219i 5 ani (bebelu\u0219i \u0219i copii) [2]. Din acest motiv, <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/diagnosticarea-epilepsiei\/\">diagnosticul<\/a> poate fi \u00eent\u00e2rziat [3], afect\u00e2nd dezvoltarea neurologic\u0103 \u0219i bun\u0103starea general\u0103 a copilului. P\u0103rin\u021bii ar trebui s\u0103 solicite sfatul medicului dac\u0103 observ\u0103 comportamente neobi\u0219nuite sau repetitive.<\/p>\n<h2>De ce este dificil de recunoscut epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/prevenirea-si-gestionarea-epilepsiei\/\">Epilepsia<\/a> este o afec\u021biune neurologic\u0103 cronic\u0103 caracterizat\u0103 prin crize recurente \u0219i imprevizibile, rezultate din activitatea electric\u0103 anormal\u0103 din creier [4].<\/p>\n<p>La bebelu\u0219i, epilepsia poate fi declan\u0219at\u0103 de leziuni perinatale, infec\u021bii, factori genetici, anomalii cerebrale congenitale sau factori necunoscu\u021bi [5].<\/p>\n<p>Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i [6] este dificil de recunoscut deoarece:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Convulsiile nu sunt \u00eentotdeauna evidente,<\/li>\n<li>Mi\u0219c\u0103rile normale sunt asem\u0103n\u0103toare celor din timpul crizelor epileptice,<\/li>\n<li>Bebelu\u0219ii nu \u00ee\u0219i pot descrie simptomele,<\/li>\n<li>Uneori, crizele sunt foarte scurte, sau apar \u00een timpul somnului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Convulsiile nu sunt \u00eentotdeauna evidente<\/h3>\n<p>Creierul bebelu\u0219ilor se dezvolt\u0103 rapid, iar activitatea neurologic\u0103 este diferit\u0103 de cea a copiilor mai mari \u0219i a adul\u021bilor. De exemplu, un bebelu\u0219 care sufer\u0103 convulsii poate s\u0103 nu cad\u0103, s\u0103 nu tremure sau poate s\u0103 nu-\u0219i piard\u0103 cuno\u0219tin\u021ba, a\u0219a cum se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 la copiii mai mari [7,8].<\/p>\n<h3>Mi\u0219c\u0103rile normale pot fi confundate cu cele din crizele epileptice<\/h3>\n<p>Bebelu\u0219ii au o varietate natural\u0103 mare de mi\u0219c\u0103ri \u0219i comportamente care pot p\u0103rea neobi\u0219nuite pentru observatorii neexperimenta\u021bi [9]. De exemplu, reflexele de tres\u0103rire, mi\u0219c\u0103rile neregulate ale membrelor, devia\u021biile ochilor \u0219i privire fix\u0103 \u200b\u200bfac parte din dezvoltarea normal\u0103 [10].<\/p>\n<h3>Bebelu\u0219ii nu \u00ee\u0219i pot descrie simptomele<\/h3>\n<p>Bebelu\u0219ii nu pot comunica ceea ce experimenteaz\u0103, \u00een timp ce copiii mai mari au capacitatea de a verbaliza senza\u021biile [11]. Prin urmare, bebelu\u0219ii depind \u00een \u00eentregime de \u00eengrijitori pentru a le observa \u0219i interpreta comportamentul [12].<\/p>\n<h3>Crizele sunt foarte scurte sau apar \u00een timpul somnului<\/h3>\n<p>Anumite crize epileptice la bebelu\u0219i dureaz\u0103 doar c\u00e2teva secunde \u0219i se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 rar. P\u0103rin\u021bii nu sunt martori la fiecare episod [13], iar furnizorii de servicii medicale se bazeaz\u0103 doar pe descrieri sau \u00eenregistr\u0103ri video pentru a \u00een\u021belege ce se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p>Dac\u0103 a\u021bi observat la copilul dumneavoastr\u0103 oricare din simptomele amintite \u0219i b\u0103nui\u021bi c\u0103 ar putea fi vorba de crize de epilepsie, o evaluare poate fi util\u0103 pentru a \u00een\u021belege cauzele \u0219i a primi recomand\u0103ri personalizate. Programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum la o consulta\u021bie <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia <strong>Institutului RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<\/span><b> <a href=\"tel:+40374462222\">0374 46 2222<\/a><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <strong>luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele 08:00 &#8211; 19:00<\/strong>, iar de <strong>miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele 08:00 &#8211; 18:00<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background-color: #6852ed; color: white; text-decoration: none; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/progamari.html\">Program\u0103ri online neurologie<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? Institutul RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/telemedicina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum identific\u0103m criza epileptic\u0103 la bebelu\u0219i?<\/h2>\n<p>Crizele epileptice la bebelu\u0219i se refer\u0103 la diverse manifest\u0103ri precum:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Activitate motorie repetitiv\u0103, <\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pauze spontane \u00een activitate sau reactivitate,<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Modific\u0103ri comportamentale.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Activitate motorie repetitiv\u0103<\/h3>\n<p>Un bebelu\u0219 poate smuci deseori un bra\u021b, un picior sau o parte a corpului. Spre deosebire de mi\u0219c\u0103rile spontane normale, aceste episoade descriu un tipar repetitiv aproape identic de fiecare dat\u0103 [14].<\/p>\n<p>Spasmele infantile [15] sunt mi\u0219c\u0103ri bru\u0219te care pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 grupate, mai ales dup\u0103 trezirea din somn, de exemplu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Spasme musculare ritmice,<\/li>\n<li>Episoade repetate de rigidizare a corpului,<\/li>\n<li>Datul din cap repetitiv,<\/li>\n<li>Grupuri de mi\u0219c\u0103ri repetitive de plesc\u0103it sau mestecat ale buzelor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Pauze bru\u0219te \u00een activitate sau reactivitate<\/h3>\n<p>Atunci c\u00e2nd apare o pauz\u0103 spontan\u0103 \u00een activitate [16], \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de o privire fix\u0103, bebelu\u0219ul poate p\u0103rea deconectat de la mediu \u0219i nu r\u0103spunde la sunete, voci sau atingere [17]. Episoadele epileptice de mi\u0219c\u0103ri anormale ale ochilor \u200b\u200bsunt repetitive put\u00e2ndu-se observa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Clipire rapid\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>Deviere repetat\u0103 a ochilor \u00een sus,<\/li>\n<li>Mi\u0219care ritmic\u0103 a ochilor dintr-o parte \u00een alta,<\/li>\n<li>Privire fix\u0103 prelungit\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Mi\u0219c\u0103rile anormale ale ochilor sunt deosebit de importante, deoarece sugereaz\u0103 o activitate convulsiv\u0103 determinat\u0103 de afec\u021biuni ale anumitor regiuni ale creierului.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>Modific\u0103ri comportamentale<\/h3>\n<p>Cele mai frecvente modific\u0103ri comportamentale ale copiilor mici \u0219i bebelu\u0219i [18], determinate de crizele epileptice se manifest\u0103 prin:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Iritabilitate spontan\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>Stare de agita\u021bie, furie sau confuzie,<\/li>\n<li>Pl\u00e2ns inexplicabil,<\/li>\n<li>Stare de sl\u0103biciune temporar\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>Interac\u021biune redus\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2424\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"298\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-300x128.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-1024x436.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-768x327.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-1536x655.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-2048x873.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-750x320.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/modificari-comportamentale-1140x486.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Deoarece aceste simptome se pot suprapune cu cele ale altor afec\u021biuni comune la bebelu\u0219i, episoadele persistente sau repetitive trebuie discutate cu un profesionist din domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii [19].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Care este diferen\u021ba dintre comportamentul normal ale bebelu\u0219ului \u0219i simptomele epilepsiei?<\/h2>\n<p>Bebelu\u0219ii manifest\u0103 \u00een mod natural multe mi\u0219c\u0103ri \u0219i comportamente care <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/bolile-care-seamana-cu-epilepsia\/\">pot p\u0103rea neobi\u0219nuite<\/a>, dar \u00een realitate s\u0103 fie complet inofensive, precum [20, 21]:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Reflexul de tres\u0103rire,<\/li>\n<li>Mi\u0219c\u0103ri aleatorii ale bra\u021belor \u0219i picioarelor,<\/li>\n<li>Perioade scurte privire fix\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>Sughi\u021b,<\/li>\n<li>Spasme musculare \u00een somn (mioclonie nocturn\u0103),<\/li>\n<li>Grimas\u0103 facial\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u00cen tabelul urm\u0103tor sunt prezentate principalele caracteristici comportamentale normale comparativ cu evenimentele epileptice.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2425\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"310\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-300x133.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-1024x453.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-768x339.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-1536x679.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-2048x905.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-750x332.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/comportament-normal-vs-epileptic-1140x504.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Evenimentele epileptice tind s\u0103 fie stereotipe [22], fiecare episod manifest\u00e2ndu-se asem\u0103n\u0103tor cu episoadele anterioare cu aproximativ acelea\u0219i mi\u0219c\u0103ri, durat\u0103 \u0219i modific\u0103ri comportamentale.<\/p>\n<p>Astfel, \u00een timpul unei crize epileptice, bebelu\u0219ul nu r\u0103spunde la voci, atingere sau stimuli vizuali, \u00een timp ce un bebelu\u0219 s\u0103n\u0103tos este receptiv atunci c\u00e2nd este stimulat [23].<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00cenregistr\u0103rile video realizate de p\u0103rin\u021bi, ajut\u0103 medicii s\u0103 disting\u0103 \u00eentre comportamentele normale de dezvoltare \u0219i poten\u021bialele convulsii [24].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>C\u00e2nd ar trebui p\u0103rin\u021bii s\u0103 solicite o consulta\u021bie la un medic neurolog pediatru?<\/h2>\n<p>De\u0219i multe episoade suspecte se dovedesc a fi, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, inofensive, evaluarea periodic\u0103 specializat\u0103 poate oferi p\u0103rin\u021bilor o stare de lini\u0219te, identific\u00e2nd din timp copiii care necesit\u0103 tratament. Solicita\u021bi asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 [25] dac\u0103 observa\u021bi c\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Episoadele apar periodic,<\/li>\n<li>Bebelu\u0219ul devine insensibil aproape de fiecare dat\u0103,<\/li>\n<li>Bebelu\u0219ul face mi\u0219c\u0103ri neobi\u0219nuite, uneori grupate,<\/li>\n<li>Dezvoltarea bebelu\u0219ului pare \u00eent\u00e2rziat\u0103 (regresia de dezvoltare),<\/li>\n<li>Simptomele se agraveaz\u0103 \u00een timp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2423 \" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"394\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-2048x1151.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-750x422.jpg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/solicitati-asistenta-medicala-1140x641.jpg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Astfel, dac\u0103 un bebelu\u0219 \u00ee\u0219i pierde abilit\u0103\u021bi dob\u00e2ndite anterior, cum ar fi z\u00e2mbetul, rostogolirea, \u00eentinderea m\u00e2nei dup\u0103 obiecte sau vocalizare, atunci e necesar\u0103 o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/\">evaluare medical\u0103<\/a> imediat\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum este evaluat\u0103 epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Medicul curant va analiza informa\u021biile primite de la p\u0103rin\u021bi, starea bebelu\u0219ului \u0219i, dac\u0103 este necesar, va utiliza diferite metode de evaluare diagnostic\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Informa\u021biile pe care p\u0103rin\u021bii [26] ar trebui s\u0103 le furnizeze medicului specialist sunt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Frecven\u021ba episoadelor (zilnice, s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nale, etc.),<\/li>\n<li>Durata simptomelor,<\/li>\n<li>Descrierea mi\u0219c\u0103rilor,<\/li>\n<li>Factori declan\u0219atori sau evenimente ce pot fi identificate,<\/li>\n<li>Etape de dezvoltare a copilului,<\/li>\n<li>Antecedente familiale de tulbur\u0103ri neurologice,<\/li>\n<li>\u00cenregistr\u0103ri video (dac\u0103 este posibil).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Evaluarea diagnostic\u0103 [27] cuprinde mai multe etape precum:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Examinare <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/institutul-roneuro-10-ani-de-activitate-clinica\/\">neurologic\u0103<\/a>,<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/ce-este-un-eeg\/\">Electroencefalografie<\/a> (EEG),<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/consult-neurologic-pediatric\/\">Imagistic\u0103 medical\u0103<\/a> (RMN, CT),<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/specialitati\/genetica-medicala.html\">Testare genetic\u0103<\/a>,<\/li>\n<li>Investiga\u021bii metabolice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>EEG \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 activitatea electric\u0103 a creierului \u0219i poate dezv\u0103lui tipare sugestive pentru epilepsie [28].<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Care este importan\u021ba diagnosticului timpuriu \u0219i a tratamentului adecvat?<\/h2>\n<p>Diagnosticul timpuriu [29] influen\u021beaz\u0103 rezultatele la bebelu\u0219ii cu epilepsie. Creierul \u00een curs de dezvoltare este sensibil la activitatea convulsiv\u0103 continu\u0103, iar convulsiile necontrolate pot interfera cu dezvoltarea cognitiv\u0103, motorie \u0219i social\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Diagnosticarea timpurie \u0219i preventiv\u0103 [30] ofer\u0103:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Un control mai bun al convulsiilor,<\/li>\n<li>Rezultate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bite ale dezvolt\u0103rii,<\/li>\n<li>Risc redus de complica\u021bii,<\/li>\n<li>Sprijin sporit pentru familii.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tratamentul depinde de <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/principalele-tipuri-de-crize-epileptice\/\">sindromul epileptic specific<\/a> \u0219i factorii generatori, iar acesta poate cuprinde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Medicamente anticonvulsivante [31],<\/li>\n<li>Interven\u021bii chirurgicale \u00een anumite cazuri,<\/li>\n<li>Terapii neivazive (stimularea nervului vag, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/specialitati\/neurologie.html\">neurostimularea<\/a> responsiv\u0103, <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/stimularea-magnetica-transcraniana\/\">stimularea magnetic\u0103 transcranian\u0103<\/a> [32]).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Concluzii<\/h2>\n<p>Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i poate fi dificil de recunoscut deoarece semnele sunt greu de observat. Episoadele recurente de fixare a privirii, mi\u0219c\u0103rile neobi\u0219nuite ale ochilor, smuciturile ritmice, rigidizarea corpului \u0219i modific\u0103rile comportamentale pot sugera o activitate convulsiv\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0103rin\u021bii ar trebui s\u0103 solicite sfatul medicului dac\u0103 episoadele sunt repetitive, asociate cu lipsa de r\u0103spuns sau corelate cu probleme de dezvoltare. Diagnosticul precoce este esen\u021bial, deoarece tratamentul prompt \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te controlul convulsiilor \u0219i dezvoltarea creierului.<\/p>\n<p>Printr-o con\u0219tientizare sporit\u0103, o evaluare medical\u0103 la timp \u0219i un tratament adecvat, mul\u021bi bebelu\u0219i cu epilepsie se pot dezvolta normal, av\u00e2nd o calitate a vie\u021bii semnificativ \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Referin\u021be<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Epilepsy.Org, Epilepsy in babies. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epilepsy.org.uk\/living\/parents-and-children\/your-childs-epilepsy\/epilepsy-in-babies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.epilepsy.org.uk\/living\/parents-and-children\/your-childs-epilepsy\/epilepsy-in-babies<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Symonds JD, Elliott KS, Shetty J, et al. Early childhood epilepsies: epidemiology, classification, aetiology, and socio-economic determinants. Brain. 2021;144(9):2879-2891. doi:10.1093\/brain\/awab162. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8557326\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8557326\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Berg AT, Loddenkemper T, Baca CB. Diagnostic delays in children with early onset epilepsy: impact, reasons, and opportunities to improve care. Epilepsia. 2014;55(1):123-132. doi:10.1111\/epi.12479. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24313635\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24313635\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Ghosh S, Sinha JK. Etiology, Symptoms, and Treatment of Epilepsy: Advances and Perspectives. Brain Sci. 2026;16(1):89. doi:10.3390\/brainsci16010089. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12839312\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12839312\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Tinggaard J, Pedersen SV, Larsen ML, et al. The risk of epilepsy after neonatal seizures. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2025;67(9):1157-1164. doi:10.1111\/dmcn.16255. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12336401\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12336401\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Gunasekaran V, Ighodaro ET, Govil-Dalela T. Neonatal Seizures and Neonatal Epilepsy. [Updated 2024 Nov 14]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026 Jan-. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK609108\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK609108\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Panayiotopoulos CP. The Epilepsies: Seizures, Syndromes and Management. Oxfordshire (UK): Bladon Medical Publishing; 2005. Chapter 5, Neonatal Seizures and Neonatal Syndromes. Available from: Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK2599\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK2599\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Minardi C, Minacapelli R, Valastro P, et al. Epilepsy in Children: From Diagnosis to Treatment with Focus on Emergency. J Clin Med. 2019;8(1):39. Published 2019 Jan 2. doi:10.3390\/jcm8010039. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6352402\/<\/li>\n<li>Ghossein J, Pohl D. Benign spasms of infancy: a mimicker of infantile epileptic disorders. Epileptic Disord. 2019;21(6):585-589. doi:10.1684\/epd.2019.1116. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31843733\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31843733\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Huntsman RJ, Lowry NJ, Sankaran K. Nonepileptic motor phenomena in the neonate. Paediatr Child Health. 2008;13(8):680-684. doi:10.1093\/pch\/13.8.680. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2606074\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC2606074\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Gogou M, Cross JH. Seizures and Epilepsy in Childhood. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2022;28(2):428-456. doi:10.1212\/CON.0000000000001087. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35393965\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/35393965\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Grote H, Maltseva M, Sch\u00f6nberger J, et al. Caregivers&#8217; experiences and expectations regarding seizure monitoring &#8211; A survey-based study. Epilepsy Behav. 2026;176:110914. doi:10.1016\/j.yebeh.2026.110914. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41576837\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41576837\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Swann JW, Moshe SL. On the Basic Mechanisms of Infantile Spasms. In: Noebels JL, Avoli M, Rogawski MA, et al., editors. Jasper&#8217;s Basic Mechanisms of the Epilepsies [Internet]. 4th edition. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 2012. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK98133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK98133\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Pavlidis E, Cantalupo G, Cattani L, Tassinari CA, Pisani F. Neonatal seizure automatism and human inborn pattern of quadrupedal locomotion. Gait Posture. 2016;49:232-234. doi:10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2016.07.015. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27459417\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27459417\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Zupanc ML. Infantile spasms. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003;4(11):2039-2048. doi:10.1517\/14656566.4.11.2039. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14596657\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14596657\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kim EH, Shin J, Lee BK. Neonatal seizures: diagnostic updates based on new definition and classification. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65(8):387-397. doi:10.3345\/cep.2021.01361. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9348949\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9348949\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>The University of Chicago Medicine, Early detection of seizures in infants crucial to brain development. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uchicagomedicine.org\/forefront\/pediatrics-articles\/early-detection-of-seizures-in-infants-crucial-to-brain-development\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.uchicagomedicine.org\/forefront\/pediatrics-articles\/early-detection-of-seizures-in-infants-crucial-to-brain-development<\/a><\/li>\n<li>AboutKidsHealth, Epilepsy and behaviour, 2026. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aboutkidshealth.ca\/epilepsy-and-behaviour\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aboutkidshealth.ca\/epilepsy-and-behaviour<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Epilepsy, 2026. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/epilepsy\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20350093\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/epilepsy\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20350093<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Conway Medical Center, Scary Things Babies Do But are OK!, 2026. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.conwaymedicalcenter.com\/news\/topic\/scary-things-babies-do-but-are-ok\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.conwaymedicalcenter.com\/news\/topic\/scary-things-babies-do-but-are-ok\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Blennow G. Benign infantile nocturnal myoclonus. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1985;74(4):505-507. doi:10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1985.tb11018.x. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/4024921\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/4024921\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Vogrig A, Hsiang JC, Ng J, Rolnick J, Cheng J, Parvizi J. A systematic study of stereotypy in epileptic seizures versus psychogenic seizure-like events. Epilepsy Behav. 2019;90:172-177. doi:10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.11.030. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30580068\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30580068\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Wolf P. Epilepsy and the Sensory Systems. Epilepsy Curr. 2016;16(6):369-372. doi:10.5698\/1535-7511-16.6.369. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5106093\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5106093\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Ricci L, Boscarino M, Assenza G, et al. Clinical utility of home videos for diagnosing epileptic seizures: a systematic review and practical recommendations for optimal and safe recording. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(4):1301-1309. doi:10.1007\/s10072-021-05040-5. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7815499\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7815499\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>American College of Emergency Physicians, Childhood Seizures, 2026. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.emergencyphysicians.org\/article\/pediatrics\/childhood-seizures\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.emergencyphysicians.org\/article\/pediatrics\/childhood-seizures<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Nationwide Children&#8217;s Hospital, Seizure Information for Parents. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationwidechildrens.org\/specialties\/epilepsy-center\/seizure-information-for-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nationwidechildrens.org\/specialties\/epilepsy-center\/seizure-information-for-parents<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Salazar Cerda CI. Crisis neonatales: evaluaci\u00f3n, diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento [Neonatal seizures: evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment]. Medicina (B Aires). 2023;83 Suppl 4:31-39. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37714120\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/37714120\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Nayak CS, Asuncion RMD, Anilkumar AC. Abnormal Neonatal EEG. [Updated 2024 Mar 20]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537226\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK537226\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Khan A, Lim H, Almubarak S. Importance of prompt diagnosis in pediatric epilepsy outcomes. Seizure. 2020;80:24-30. doi:10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.03.011. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32504870\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32504870\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Sourbron J, Auvin S, Arzimanoglou A, et al. Medical treatment in infants and young children with epilepsy: Off-label use of antiseizure medications. Survey Report of ILAE Task Force Medical Therapies in Children. Epilepsia Open. 2023;8(1):77-89. doi:10.1002\/epi4.12666. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9977757\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9977757\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Shellhaas RA, Soul JS, Chang T, et al. Looking at the Effect of Treatment Duration for Newborn Infants Who Have Seizures [Internet]. Washington (DC): Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI); doi: 10.25302\/07.2021.CER.150731187. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK605733\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK605733\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Besag FMC, Vasey MJ, Chin RFM. Recent Advances in the Management of Seizures in Children. Paediatr Drugs. 2026;28(1):43-68. doi:10.1007\/s40272-025-00710-9. Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12864290\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC12864290\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i Epilepsia la bebelu\u0219i este dificil de recunoscut deoarece prezint\u0103 semne care sunt deseori considerate parte din comportamentul normal. Episoade scurte de fixare a privirii, mi\u0219c\u0103ri neobi\u0219nuite, smucituri repetitive sau modific\u0103ri de reactivitate, sunt greu de observat, ele put\u00e2nd fi atribuite manifest\u0103rilor normale de dezvoltare [1]. Epilepsia poate debuta la orice v\u00e2rst\u0103, dar [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2429,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","override":[{"template":"6","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"floatbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2422"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2428,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2422\/revisions\/2428"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}