{"id":872,"date":"2024-03-05T12:06:07","date_gmt":"2024-03-05T10:06:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/?p=872"},"modified":"2025-02-03T12:14:59","modified_gmt":"2025-02-03T10:14:59","slug":"ce-este-hipoacuzia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/ce-este-hipoacuzia\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce este hipoacuzia?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2>Ce este hipoacuzia?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Hipoacuzia se refer\u0103 la diminuarea sau pierderea auzului<\/strong>. Aceasta poate fi \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 at\u00e2t la adul\u021bi c\u00e2t \u0219i la copii \u0219i are multiple cauze.<\/p>\n<p>\u00centre 1 \u0219i 2 copii din 1.000 se nasc cu pierderea permanent\u0103 a auzului la una sau la ambele urechi, o propor\u021bie care cre\u0219te la aproximativ 1 la fiecare 100 de bebelu\u0219i care au petrecut mai mult de 48 de ore la terapie intensiv\u0103. Cei mai mul\u021bi dintre ace\u0219tia se nasc f\u0103r\u0103 antecedente familiale de pierdere permanent\u0103 a auzului. Deoarece pierderea permanent\u0103 a auzului poate afecta semnificativ dezvoltarea, descoperirea timpurie poate oferi o \u0219ans\u0103 mai bun\u0103 de a dezvolta limbajul, vorbirea \u0219i comunicare, asigurand o cre\u0219tere s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 [1].<\/p>\n<h2>Cum se manifest\u0103 hipoacuzia?<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomele pierderii auzului sunt:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00cen\u0103bu\u0219irea vorbirii \u0219i a altor sunete.<\/li>\n<li>Dificult\u0103\u021bi de \u00een\u021belegere a cuvintelor, mai ales \u00eentr-o mul\u021bime sau \u00eentr-un loc zgomotos.<\/li>\n<li>Dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een a auzi literele alfabetului care nu sunt vocale.<\/li>\n<li>Necesitatea frecvent\u0103 de a solicita celorlal\u021bi s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103 mai \u00eencet, mai clar \u0219i mai tare.<\/li>\n<li>M\u0103rirea volumului televizorului sau al radioului pentru a auzi mai bine.<\/li>\n<li>Izolarea de anumite medii sociale.<\/li>\n<li>Deranjul cauzat de zgomotul de fond.<\/li>\n<li>Prezen\u021ba zgomotelor \u00een urechi, cunoscute sub numele de tinitus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Pentru mai multe informa\u021bii despre pierderea auzului \u0219i <strong>AUDIOMETRIE<\/strong>, o alt\u0103 metod\u0103 de evaluare a auzului, accesa\u021bi <a href=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/ce-este-audiometria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acest articol<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/amL0gP7QmfI?si=hdaSybnSXrhlY-jB\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt tipurile de hipoacuzie?<\/h2>\n<p>Gradul de pierdere a auzului poate varia:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Pierderea u\u0219oar\u0103:<\/strong> Se aud unele sunete, dar sunetele moi sunt greu de auzit.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pierdere moderat\u0103:<\/strong> Nu se aude aproape deloc vorbirea atunci c\u00e2nd o alt\u0103 persoan\u0103 vorbe\u0219te la un nivel normal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pierdere sever\u0103:<\/strong> Nu se aude vorbirea atunci la un nivel normal, se aud doar unele sunete puternice.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pierderea profund\u0103 a auzului: <\/strong>Nu se aude nicio vorbire, doar sunete foarte puternice [2, 3].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pierderea auzului poate fi, de asemenea, descris\u0103 ca:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Unilateral\u0103<\/strong> (la o ureche) sau <strong>bilateral\u0103<\/strong> (la ambele urechi).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pre-lingual\u0103 sau post-lingual\u0103: <\/strong>\u00cenainte ca o persoan\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021be s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103 sau dup\u0103 ce o persoan\u0103 a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Simetric\u0103 sau asimetric\u0103: <\/strong>Aceea\u0219i \u00een ambele urechi sau diferit\u0103 \u00een fiecare ureche.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Progresiv\u0103 sau brusc\u0103:<\/strong> Se \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021be\u0219te \u00een timp sau apare rapid.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fluctuant\u0103 sau stabil\u0103: <\/strong>Se amelioreaz\u0103 sau se \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021be\u0219te \u00een timp sau r\u0103m\u00e2ne aceea\u0219i \u00een timp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Congenital\u0103 sau dob\u00e2ndit\u0103\/cu debut \u00eent\u00e2rziat:<\/strong> Este prezent\u0103 la na\u0219tere sau apare mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een via\u021b\u0103 [2].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Cum se manifest\u0103 hipoacuzia la bebelu\u0219i \u0219i copii?<\/h2>\n<p>To\u021bi <strong>bebelu\u0219ii<\/strong> ar trebui s\u0103 fac\u0103 un screening auditiv cel t\u00e2rziu la v\u00e2rsta de o lun\u0103. Cei mai mul\u021bi bebelu\u0219i au parte de screening-ul auditiv \u00een timp ce sunt \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een spital. Dac\u0103 un bebelu\u0219 nu trece de screening-ul auditiv, este foarte important s\u0103 se fac\u0103 un test auditiv complet c\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd, dar nu mai t\u00e2rziu de v\u00e2rsta de 3 luni. <strong>Semnele de hipoacuzie la bebelu\u0219i sunt prezentate \u00een imaginea de mai jos.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-873\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi.jpeg\" alt=\"Semne hipoacuzie bebelusi\" width=\"700\" height=\"605\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-300x259.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-1024x884.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-768x663.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-1536x1327.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-750x648.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-bebelusi-1140x985.jpeg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Copiii<\/strong> ar trebui s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i testeze auzul \u00eenainte de a intra la \u0219coal\u0103 sau de fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 o \u00eengrijorare cu privire la auz. Copiii care nu trec testul de screening auditiv trebuie s\u0103 fac\u0103 un test auditiv complet c\u00e2t mai cur\u00e2nd posibil. <strong>Semnele de hipoacuzie la copii sunt prezentate \u00een imaginea de mai jos.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-874 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"381\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii.jpeg 1600w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-300x164.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-1024x558.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-768x419.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-1536x837.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-750x409.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Semne-hipoacuzie-la-copii-1140x621.jpeg 1140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Care sunt factorii care determin\u0103 apari\u021bia hipoacuziei?<\/h2>\n<p>Factori care cresc \u0219ansele ca un copil s\u0103 sufere de pierderea auzului:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Genetica:<\/strong> Aproximativ 1 din 2 cazuri se datoreaz\u0103 unor cauze genetice. Aproximativ 1 din 3 bebelu\u0219i cu pierdere auditiv\u0103 genetic\u0103 au un &#8222;sindrom&#8221;, respectiv au \u0219i alte afec\u021biuni pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 pierderea auzului, cum ar fi sindromul Down sau sindromul Usher;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Infec\u021biile materne;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Traumatisme craniene;<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Capul, fa\u021ba sau urechile conturate sau formate \u00eentr-un mod diferit;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tulbur\u0103rile neurologice<\/strong> asociate cu pierderea auzului;<\/li>\n<li>O infec\u021bie \u00een jurul creierului \u0219i a m\u0103duvei spin\u0103rii (<strong>meningit\u0103<\/strong>) [4].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Resurse \u0219i suport pentru pacien\u021bi<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Dori\u021bi sa face\u021bi o evaluare a auzului? <\/strong>Programa\u021bi-v\u0103 acum la <strong>Dr. Alina Nagy<\/strong> contact\u00e2nd recep\u021bia <strong>Institutului RoNeuro<\/strong> la num\u0103rul de telefon<strong> <a href=\"tel:+40374462222\">0374 46 2222<\/a><\/strong>, luni \u0219i mar\u021bi \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 19:00<\/strong>, iar de miercuri p\u00e2n\u0103 vineri \u00eentre orele <strong>08:00 &#8211; 18:00. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La momentul program\u0103rii, pute\u021bi opta \u0219i pentru consulta\u021bie neurologic\u0103 gratuit\u0103, decontat\u0103 prin Casa Na\u021bional\u0103 de Asigur\u0103ri de S\u0103n\u0103tate. Mai mult, pot fi efectuate program\u0103ri online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background-color: #6852ed; color: white; text-decoration: none; border: none; padding: 10px 20px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/progamari.html\">Program\u0103ri online ORL<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Locui\u021bi \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 izolat\u0103 sau nu v\u0103 pute\u021bi deplasa la clinic\u0103? RoNeuro ofer\u0103 \u0219i op\u021biunea de <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.roneuro.ro\/telemedicina.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">telemedicin\u0103<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Cum poate fi gestionat\u0103 hipoacuzia?<\/h2>\n<p>Reabilitarea auditiv\u0103 pentru copiii cu pierderea auzului poate include utilizarea:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>aparatelor auditive;<\/li>\n<li>implanturilor cohleare;<\/li>\n<li>dispozitivelor ancorate \u00een os;<\/li>\n<li>dispozitivelor de asisten\u021b\u0103, cum ar fi sistemele de modulare a frecven\u021bei [3, 4].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Screeningul auditiv la nou-n\u0103scu\u021bi este un factor important pentru depistarea \u0219i reabilitarea tulbur\u0103rilor de auz \u00een stadii precoce pentru a permite dezvoltarea normal\u0103 a vorbirii.<\/p>\n<h2>Concluzii<\/h2>\n<p>Hipoacuzia, sau diminuarea auzului, este o stare patologic\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 la adul\u021bi \u0219i copii, ce poate avea cauze variate.<\/p>\n<p>Hipoacuzia netratat\u0103 la copii poate avea impact semnificativ asupra dezvolt\u0103rii lor. Ace\u0219tia pot \u00eent\u00e2mpina dificult\u0103\u021bi \u00een dezvoltarea limbajului, \u00een \u00een\u021belegerea informa\u021biilor \u0219i \u00een interac\u021biunile sociale. Prin detectarea timpurie a hipoacuziei, se pot implementa interven\u021bii \u0219i terapii adecvate pentru a sus\u021bine dezvoltarea limbajului \u0219i a abilit\u0103\u021bilor sociale, asigur\u00e2ndu-le astfel un start mai bun \u00een via\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Referin\u021be<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>NHS. (n.d.). NHS choices. Available <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/baby\/newborn-screening\/hearing-test\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, August 7). <em>Types of hearing loss<\/em>. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/hearingloss\/types.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Alzahrani M, Tabet P, Saliba I. Pediatric hearing loss: common causes, diagnosis and therapeutic approach. Minerva Pediatr. 2015 Feb;67(1):75-90. Epub 2014 Oct 14.<\/li>\n<li>Lieu JEC, Kenna M, Anne S, Davidson L. Hearing Loss in Children: A Review. JAMA. 2020 Dec 1;324(21):2195-2205. doi: 10.1001\/jama.2020.17647.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ce este hipoacuzia? Hipoacuzia se refer\u0103 la diminuarea sau pierderea auzului. Aceasta poate fi \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 at\u00e2t la adul\u021bi c\u00e2t \u0219i la copii \u0219i are multiple cauze. \u00centre 1 \u0219i 2 copii din 1.000 se nasc cu pierderea permanent\u0103 a auzului la una sau la ambele urechi, o propor\u021bie care cre\u0219te la aproximativ 1 la fiecare [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":876,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"6","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"no-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"floatbottom","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"3","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"","hide":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-orl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=872"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1564,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/872\/revisions\/1564"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/roneuro.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}